PhytoMilk

Potential improvement of the salutary effect of organic dairy milk by forage species and by supplementation

Loop space, (2,0) theory, and solitonic strings

We present an interacting action that lives in loop space, and we argue that this is a generalization of the theory for a free tensor multiplet. From this action we derive the Bogomolnyi equation corresponding to solitonic strings. Using the Hopf map, we find a correspondence between BPS strings and BPS monopoles in four-dimensional super Yang-Mills theory. This enable us to find explicit BPS saturated solitonic string solutions.Comment: 29 pages, v3: section 5 is rewritten and string solutions are found, v4: a new section on general covariance in loop spac

Conformal anomaly of Wilson surface observables - a field theoretical computation

We make an exact field theoretical computation of the conformal anomaly for two-dimensional submanifold observables. By including a scalar field in the definition for the Wilson surface, as appropriate for a spontaneously broken A_1 theory, we get a conformal anomaly which is such that N times it is equal to the anomaly that was computed in hep-th/9901021 in the large N limit and which relied on the AdS-CFT correspondence. We also show how the spherical surface observable can be expressed as a conformal anomaly.Comment: 18 pages, V3: an `i' dropped in the Wilson surface, overall normalization and misprints corrected, V4: overall normalization factor corrected, references adde

Advective collisions

Small particles advected in a fluid can collide (and therefore aggregate) due to the stretching or shearing of fluid elements. This effect is usually discussed in terms of a theory due to Saffman and Turner [J. Fluid Mech., 1, 16-30, (1956)]. We show that in complex or random flows the Saffman-Turner theory for the collision rate describes only an initial transient (which we evaluate exactly). We obtain precise expressions for the steady-state collision rate for flows with small Kubo number, including the influence of fractal clustering on the collision rate for compressible flows. For incompressible turbulent flows, where the Kubo number is of order unity, the Saffman-Turner theory is an upper bound.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

Five-dimensional SYM from undeformed ABJM

We expand undeformed ABJM theory around the vacuum solution that was found in arxiv:0909.3101. This solution can be interpreted as a circle-bundle over a two-dimensional plane with a singularity at the origin. By imposing periodic boundary conditions locally far away from the singularity, we obtain a local fuzzy two-torus over which we have a circle fibration. By performing fluctuation analysis we obtain five-dimensional SYM with the precise value on the coupling constant that we would obtain by compactifying multiple M5 branes on the vacuum three-manifold. In the resulting SYM theory we also find a coupling to a background two-form.Comment: 23 page

Ergodic and non-ergodic clustering of inertial particles

We compute the fractal dimension of clusters of inertial particles in mixing flows at finite values of Kubo (Ku) and Stokes (St) numbers, by a new series expansion in Ku. At small St, the theory includes clustering by Maxey's non-ergodic 'centrifuge' effect. In the limit of St to infinity and Ku to zero (so that Ku^2 St remains finite) it explains clustering in terms of ergodic 'multiplicative amplification'. In this limit, the theory is consistent with the asymptotic perturbation series in [Duncan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 (2005) 240602]. The new theory allows to analyse how the two clustering mechanisms compete at finite values of St and Ku. For particles suspended in two-dimensional random Gaussian incompressible flows, the theory yields excellent results for Ku < 0.2 for arbitrary values of St; the ergodic mechanism is found to contribute significantly unless St is very small. For higher values of Ku the new series is likely to require resummation. But numerical simulations show that for Ku ~ St ~ 1 too, ergodic 'multiplicative amplification' makes a substantial contribution to the observed clustering.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Deconstructing graviphoton from mass-deformed ABJM

Mass-deformed ABJM theory has a maximally supersymmetric fuzzy two-sphere vacuum solution where the scalar fields are proportional to the TGRVV matrices. We construct these matrices using Schwinger oscillators. This shows that the ABJM gauge group that corresponds to the fuzzy two-sphere geometry is $U(N)\times U(N-1)$. We deconstruct the graviphoton term in the D4 brane theory. The normalization of this term is fixed by topological reasons. This gives us the correct normalization of the deconstructed U(1) gauge field and fixes the Yang -Mills coupling constant to the value which corresponds to M5 brane compactified on \mb{R}^ {1,2} \times S^3/{\mb{Z}_k}. The graviphoton term also enable us to show that the zero mode contributions to the partition functions for the D4 and the M5 brane agree.Comment: 26 page

Women's changing productive practices, gender relations and identities in fishing through a critical feminisation perspective

This is the final version. Available on open access from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordData access statement: This study did not generate any new data.In recent years there has been increased academic and policy attention to the important contributions of women in fishing families, communities and industries. Whilst it is important to make visible these contributions, there has been little attention to how women's different and changing roles and practices are associated with (un)changed gender relations shaping, and being shaped by, women's (fishing) identities in different ways. To attend to this gap, the paper reviews and critically re-interprets literature on women's changing practices in fishing. The review is conceptually framed by drawing on – and going beyond – the feminisation approach developed in research on agriculture – incorporating key criticisms of the feminisation concept from other research fields. By reviewing and re-interpreting the literature on women in fishing through this critical feminisation approach, the intention is to examine how women's productive practices are associated with particular and changing gender relations and identities. In doing so, the paper identifies gaps in research and suggests avenues for future empirical, theoretical and methodological research on women in fishing. In terms of future directions for empirical research, the paper suggests there is a need for more research on women's practices going under the labels of ‘progressive’ and ‘reconstitutive’ feminisation. Further, and more importantly, the paper proposes new directions for future research focusing on women's subjectivities and identities as well as their working conditions. The paper also argues there is a need for relational approaches as well as more in-depth and emplaced empirical research on women's messy everyday lives to gain understandings of women's lives ‘in their own right’ in varying socio-spatial contexts.Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC